Solubility Product Constant
Insoluble salts are those that are slightly or sparingly soluble in water. When undissolved solid is present, the dissolved ions are in equilibrium with the undissolved solid. The solubility product constant describes the extent to which the dissolving (and dissociation) occur.
Additional information can be found in Lesson 1 of Chapter 16 of our Chemistry Tutorial.
The table below lists solubility product constants (Ksp values) for insoluble salts at \(25\unit{\degreeCelsius}\). Values were extracted from a variety of sources online. Values are organized by anion name.
Ksp Values of Insoluble Salts
Below is a table of Insoluble salts. This table is designed to be screen reader searchable. To skip to a specific row, you can use your screen reader's search functionality and search for either the name or formula.
If searching by name, please be aware that many have a parenthesis directly after the element name with either 1, 2 or 3 I letters. So, if searching for Lead 2 selenate, you will need to search for lead parenthesis I I end parenthesis space selenate, or search by formula P B S E O 4 with no spaces. For formula, all subscript numbers and superscript numbers are inline as normal numbers.
Anion Type
Name
Formula
Ksp Value
Acetates
silver 1 acetate
\({\eAg\eC_{2}\eH_{3}\eO_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.9e-3}\)
Arsenates
silver 1 arsenate
\({\eAg_{3}\eAs\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1e-22}\)
Arsenates
bismuth arsenate
\({\eBi\eAs\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{4.4e-10}\)
Arsenates
cadmium arsenate
\({\eCd_{3}(\eAs\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.2e-33}\)
Arsenates
cobalt 2 arsenate
\({\eCo_{3}(\eAs\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{6.8e-29}\)
Arsenates
copper 2 arsenate
\({\eCu_{3}(\eAs\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{8e-36}\)
Arsenates
strontium arsenate
\({\eSr_{3}(\eAs\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.3e-19}\)
Arsenates
zinc arsenate
\({\eZn_{3}(\eAs\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.8e-28}\)
Bromides
silver 1 bromide
\({\eAg\eBr}\)
\(\num{5.4e-13}\)
Bromides
copper 1 bromide
\({\eCu\eBr}\)
\(\num{6.3e-9}\)
Bromides
mercury 1 bromide
\({\eHg_{2}\eBr_{2}}\)
\(\num{6.4e-23}\)
Bromides
mercury 2 bromide
\({\eHg\eBr_{2}}\)
\(\num{6.2e-20}\)
Bromides
lead 2 bromide
\({\ePb\eBr_{2}}\)
\(\num{6.6e-6}\)
Bromides
thallium 1 bromide
\({\eTl\eBr}\)
\(\num{3.7e-6}\)
Bromates
silver 1 bromate
\({\eAg\eBr\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{5.4e-5}\)
Bromates
barium bromate
\({\eBa(\eBr\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.4e-4}\)
Bromates
thallium 1 bromate
\({\eTl\eBr\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.1e-4}\)
Carbonates
silver 1 carbonate
\({\eAg_{2}\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{8.1e-12}\)
Carbonates
barium carbonate
\({\eBa\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{2.6e-9}\)
Carbonates
calcium carbonate (calcite)
\({\eCa\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{3.4e-9}\)
Carbonates
calcium carbonate (aragonite)
\({\eCa\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{6e-9}\)
Carbonates
cadmium carbonate
\({\eCd\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{1e-12}\)
Carbonates
cobalt 2 carbonate
\({\eCo\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{1e-10}\)
Carbonates
copper 2 carbonate
\({\eCu\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{2.5e-10}\)
Carbonates
iron 2 carbonate
\({\eFe\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{3.1e-11}\)
Carbonates
mercury 1 carbonate
\({\eHg_{2}\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{3.6e-17}\)
Carbonates
lithium carbonate
\({\eLi_{2}\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{8.2e-4}\)
Carbonates
magnesium carbonate
\({\eMg\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{6.8e-6}\)
Carbonates
manganese 2 carbonate
\({\eMn\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{2.2e-11}\)
Carbonates
neodymium carbonate
\({\eNd_{2}(\eC\eO_{3})_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.1e-33}\)
Carbonates
nickel 2 carbonate
\({\eNi\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.4e-7}\)
Carbonates
lead 2 carbonate
\({\ePb\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{7.4e-14}\)
Carbonates
strontium carbonate
\({\eSr\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{5.6e-10}\)
Carbonates
yttrium carbonate
\({\eY_{2}(\eC\eO_{3})_{3}}\)
\(\num{1e-31}\)
Carbonates
zinc carbonate
\({\eZn\eC\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.5e-10}\)
Chlorides
silver 1 chloride
\({\eAg\eCl}\)
\(\num{1.8e-10}\)
Chlorides
copper 1 chloride
\({\eCu\eCl}\)
\(\num{1.7e-7}\)
Chlorides
mercury 1 chloride
\({\eHg_{2}\eCl_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.4e-18}\)
Chlorides
lead 2 chloride
\({\ePb\eCl_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.7e-5}\)
Chlorides
thallium 1 chloride
\({\eTl\eCl}\)
\(\num{1.9e-4}\)
Chromates
silver 1 chromate
\({\eAg_{2}\eCr\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.1e-12}\)
Chromates
barium chromate
\({\eBa\eCr\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.2e-10}\)
Chromates
calcium chromate
\({\eCa\eCr\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{7.1e-4}\)
Chromates
lead 2 chromate
\({\ePb\eCr\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{3e-13}\)
Chromates
thallium 1 chromate
\({\eTl_{2}\eCr\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{8.7e-13}\)
Cyanides
silver 1 cyanide
\({\eAg\eC\eN}\)
\(\num{6e-17}\)
Cyanides
copper 1 cyanide
\({\eCu\eC\eN}\)
\(\num{3.5e-20}\)
Cyanides
nickel 2 cyanide
\({\eNi(\eC\eN)_{2}}\)
\(\num{3e-23}\)
Cyanides
zinc cyanide
\({\eZn(\eC\eN)_{2}}\)
\(\num{8e-12}\)
Fluorides
barium fluoride
\({\eBa\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.8e-7}\)
Fluorides
calcium fluoride
\({\eCa\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{3.5e-11}\)
Fluorides
cadmium fluoride
\({\eCd\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{6.4e-3}\)
Fluorides
iron 2 fluoride
\({\eFe\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.4e-6}\)
Fluorides
mercury 1 fluoride
\({\eHg_{2}\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{3.1e-6}\)
Fluorides
lithium fluoride
\({\eLi\eF}\)
\(\num{1.8e-3}\)
Fluorides
magnesium fluoride
\({\eMg\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{5.2e-11}\)
Fluorides
lead 2 fluoride
\({\ePb\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{3.3e-8}\)
Fluorides
scandium fluoride
\({\eSc\eF_{3}}\)
\(\num{5.8e-24}\)
Fluorides
strontium fluoride
\({\eSr\eF_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.3e-9}\)
Fluorides
yttrium fluoride
\({\eY\eF_{3}}\)
\(\num{8.6e-21}\)
Fluorides
zinc fluoride
\({\eZn\eF}\)
\(\num{3e-2}\)
Hydroxides
silver 1 hydroxide
\({\eAg\eO\eH}\)
\(\num{1.5e-8}\)
Hydroxides
aluminum hydroxide
\({\eAl(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{3e-34}\)
Hydroxides
beryllium hydroxide
\({\eBe(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{6.9e-22}\)
Hydroxides
calcium hydroxide
\({\eCa(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{5e-6}\)
Hydroxides
cadmium hydroxide
\({\eCd(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{7.2e-15}\)
Hydroxides
cobalt 2 hydroxide
\({\eCo(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{5.9e-15}\)
Hydroxides
chromium 3 hydroxide
\({\eCr(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{6.7e-31}\)
Hydroxides
copper 2 hydroxide
\({\eCu(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.8e-20}\)
Hydroxides
europium 3 hydroxide
\({\eEu(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{9.4e-27}\)
Hydroxides
iron 2 hydroxide
\({\eFe(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.9e-17}\)
Hydroxides
iron 3 hydroxide
\({\eFe(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{2.8e-39}\)
Hydroxides
gallium 3 hydroxide
\({\eGa(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{7.3e-36}\)
Hydroxides
mercury 2 hydroxide
\({\eHg(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{3.6e-26}\)
Hydroxides
magnesium hydroxide
\({\eMg(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{5.6e-12}\)
Hydroxides
manganese 2 hydroxide
\({\eMn(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{2e-13}\)
Hydroxides
nickel 2 hydroxide
\({\eNi(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{5.5e-16}\)
Hydroxides
lead 2 hydroxide
\({\ePb(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.4e-20}\)
Hydroxides
praseodymium hydroxide
\({\ePr(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{3.4e-24}\)
Hydroxides
scandium hydroxide
\({\eSc(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{2.2e-31}\)
Hydroxides
tin 2 hydroxide
\({\eSn(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{5.5e-27}\)
Hydroxides
thallium 3 hydroxide
\({\eTl(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.7e-44}\)
Hydroxides
yttrium hydroxide
\({\eY(\eO\eH)_{3}}\)
\(\num{1e-22}\)
Hydroxides
zinc hydroxide
\({\eZn(\eO\eH)_{2}}\)
\(\num{3e-17}\)
Iodates
silver 1 iodate
\({\eAg\eI\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{3.2e-8}\)
Iodates
barium iodate
\({\eBa(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{4e-9}\)
Iodates
calcium iodate
\({\eCa(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{6.5e-6}\)
Iodates
cadmium iodate
\({\eCd(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.5e-8}\)
Iodates
cerium 3 iodate
\({\eCe(\eI\eO_{3})_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.4e-11}\)
Iodates
chromium 3 iodate
\({\eCr(\eI\eO_{3})_{3}}\)
\(\num{5e-6}\)
Iodates
iron 3 iodate
\({\eFe(\eI\eO_{3})_{3}}\)
\(\num{4e-8}\)
Iodates
lanthanum iodate
\({\eLa(\eI\eO_{3})_{3}}\)
\(\num{7.5e-12}\)
Iodates
manganese 2 iodate
\({\eMn(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.4e-7}\)
Iodates
nickel 2 iodate
\({\eNi(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.7e-5}\)
Iodates
lead 2 iodate
\({\ePb(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{3.7e-13}\)
Iodates
radium iodate
\({\eRa(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.2e-9}\)
Iodates
strontium iodate
\({\eSr(\eI\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.1e-7}\)
Iodates
thallium 1 iodate
\({\eTl\eI\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{3.1e-6}\)
Iodates
yttrium iodate
\({\eY(\eI\eO_{3})_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.1e-10}\)
Iodides
silver 1 iodide
\({\eAg\eI}\)
\(\num{8.5e-17}\)
Iodides
bismuth iodide
\({\eBi\eI}\)
\(\num{7.7e-19}\)
Iodides
copper 1 iodide
\({\eCu\eI}\)
\(\num{1.3e-12}\)
Iodides
mercury 1 iodide
\({\eHg_{2}\eI_{2}}\)
\(\num{5.2e-29}\)
Iodides
mercury 2 iodide
\({\eHg\eI_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.9e-29}\)
Iodides
lead 2 iodide
\({\ePb\eI_{2}}\)
\(\num{9.8e-9}\)
Iodides
thallium 1 iodide
\({\eTl\eI}\)
\(\num{5.5e-8}\)
Nitrates
barium nitrate
\({\eBa(\eN\eO_{3})_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.6e-3}\)
Oxalates
silver 1 oxalate
\({\eAg_{2}\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{5.4e-12}\)
Oxalates
barium oxalate
\({\eBa\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.6e-7}\)
Oxalates
calcium oxalate
\({\eCa\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{2.3e-9}\)
Oxalates
copper 2 oxalate
\({\eCu\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{4.4e-10}\)
Oxalates
mercury 1 oxalate
\({\eHg_{2}\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.8e-13}\)
Oxalates
magnesium oxalate
\({\eMg\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{8.6e-5}\)
Oxalates
lead 2 oxalate
\({\ePb\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{8.5e-9}\)
Oxalates
strontium oxalate
\({\eSr\eC_{2}\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{5e-8}\)
Perchlorates
cesium perchlorate
\({\eCs\eCl\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{4e-3}\)
Perchlorates
potassium perchlorate
\({\eK\eCl\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.1e-2}\)
Perchlorates
rubidium perchlorate
\({\eRu\eCl\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{3e-3}\)
Periodates
cesium periodate
\({\eCs\eI\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{5.1e-6}\)
Periodates
potassium periodate
\({\eK\eI\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{3.7e-4}\)
Phosphates
silver 1 phosphate
\({\eAg_{3}\eP\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{8.9e-17}\)
Phosphates
aluminum phosphate
\({\eAl\eP\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{9.8e-21}\)
Phosphates
barium phosphate
\({\eBa_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{3.4e-23}\)
Phosphates
calcium phosphate
\({\eCa_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.1e-33}\)
Phosphates
cadmium phosphate
\({\eCd_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.5e-33}\)
Phosphates
cobalt 2 phosphate
\({\eCo_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{2.1e-35}\)
Phosphates
chromium 3 phosphate
\({\eCr\eP\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{2.4e-23}\)
Phosphates
copper 2 phosphate
\({\eCu_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.4e-37}\)
Phosphates
lithium phosphate
\({\eLi_{3}\eP\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{2.4e-4}\)
Phosphates
magnesium phosphate
\({\eMg_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{1e-24}\)
Phosphates
nickel 2 phosphate
\({\eNi_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.7e-32}\)
Phosphates
lead 2 phosphate
\({\ePb_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{3e-44}\)
Phosphates
zinc phosphate
\({\eZn_{3}(\eP\eO_{4})_{2}}\)
\(\num{1.7e-21}\)
Selenides
zinc selenide
\({\eZn\eSe}\)
\(\num{3.6e-26}\)
Selenates
barium selenate
\({\eBa\eSe\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{3.4e-8}\)
Selenates
lead 2 selenate
\({\ePb\eSe\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.4e-7}\)
Sulfates
silver 1 sulfate
\({\eAg_{2}\eS\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.2e-5}\)
Sulfates
barium sulfate
\({\eBa\eS\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{1.1e-10}\)
Sulfates
calcium sulfate
\({\eCa\eS\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{4.9e-5}\)
Sulfates
mercury 1 sulfate
\({\eHg_{2}\eS\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{6.5e-7}\)
Sulfates
lead 2 sulfate
\({\ePb\eS\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{2.5e-8}\)
Sulfates
radium sulfate
\({\eRa\eS\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{3.7e-11}\)
Sulfates
strontium sulfate
\({\eSr\eS\eO_{4}}\)
\(\num{3.4e-7}\)
Sulfides
silver 1 sulfide
\({\eAg_{2}\eS}\)
\(\num{8e-51}\)
Sulfides
calcium sulfide
\({\eCa\eS}\)
\(\num{8e-6}\)
Sulfides
cadmium sulfide
\({\eCd\eS}\)
\(\num{1e-27}\)
Sulfides
copper 2 sulfide
\({\eCu\eS}\)
\(\num{8e-37}\)
Sulfides
iron 3 sulfide
\({\eFe\eS}\)
\(\num{6.3e-18}\)
Sulfides
iron 2 sulfide
\({\eFe\eS}\)
\(\num{8e-19}\)
Sulfides
mercury 2 sulfide (black)
\({\eHg\eS}\)
\(\num{2e-53}\)
Sulfides
mercury 2 sulfide (red)
\({\eHg\eS}\)
\(\num{2e-54}\)
Sulfides
manganese 2 sulfide (pink)
\({\eMn\eS}\)
\(\num{3e-11}\)
Sulfides
manganese 2 sulfide (green)
\({\eMn\eS}\)
\(\num{3e-14}\)
Sulfides
nickel 2 sulfide (beta)
\({\eNi\eS}\)
\(\num{1.3e-25}\)
Sulfides
nickel 2 sulfide (alpha)
\({\eNi\eS}\)
\(\num{4e-20}\)
Sulfides
lead 2 sulfide
\({\ePb\eS}\)
\(\num{3e-28}\)
Sulfides
tin 2 sulfide
\({\eSn\eS}\)
\(\num{1e-25}\)
Sulfides
thallium 1 sulfide
\({\eTl_{2}\eS}\)
\(\num{6e-22}\)
Sulfides
zinc sulfide (wurtzite)
\({\eZn\eS}\)
\(\num{1.6e-24}\)
Sulfides
zinc sulfide (α)
\({\eZn\eS}\)
\(\num{2e-25}\)
Sulfides
zinc sulfide (sphalerite)
\({\eZn\eS}\)
\(\num{2.5e-22}\)
Sulfides
zinc sulfide (β)
\({\eZn\eS}\)
\(\num{3e-23}\)
Sulfites
silver 1 sulfite
\({\eAg_{2}\eS\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{1.5e-14}\)
Sulfites
barium sulfite
\({\eBa\eS\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{5e-10}\)
Sulfites
calcium sulfite
\({\eCa\eS\eO_{3}}\)
\(\num{6.8e-8}\)
Thiocyanates
silver 1 thiocyanate
\({\eAg\eS\eC\eN}\)
\(\num{1e-12}\)
Thiocyanates
copper 1 thiocyanate
\({\eCu\eS\eC\eN}\)
\(\num{1.8e-13}\)
Thiocyanates
mercury 1 thiocyanate
\({\eHg_{2}(\eS\eC\eN)_{2}}\)
\(\num{3.2e-20}\)
Thiocyanates
palladium 2 thiocyanate
\({\ePd(\eS\eC\eN)_{2}}\)
\(\num{4.4e-23}\)
Thiocyanates
thallium 1 thiocyanate
\({\eTl\eS\eC\eN}\)
\(\num{1.6e-4}\)