Work and Energy Legacy Problem #7 Guided Solution
Problem*
A new conveyor system at the local packaging plan will utilize a motor-powered mechanical arm to exert an average force of 890 N to push large crates a distance of 12 meters in 22 seconds. Determine the power output required of such a motor.
Audio Guided Solution
Here we are told that the mechanical arm on a conveyor system exerts a force of 800 Newtons upon a crate to move it 12 meters in 22 seconds. What we have is a picture of a force doing work upon a crate, and we are given the time that it takes to do a specific amount of work, or at least the time it takes to apply a force and move it a given distance. Now when I look at a physics problem like this, having a good understanding of conceptual ideas and mathematical relationships helps me to get from the givens to the unknown quantity quite quickly. I understand power to be a ratio of work over time, and I understand work to be a force multiplied by distance. Since I am given the force of 890 Newtons and the distance of 12 meters, I will be able to calculate the work done upon this crate by this mechanical arm. I go W equals Fd, and I use 890 Newtons as F and 12 meters as D. I get 10,680 Joules of work being done. This work is done in 22 seconds, so to find the power, take the ratio of work to time. I take this 10,680 Joules and divide it by 22 seconds. That gives me 485.45 as my power. I can round that to 490 for two significant digits, and Watt is the unit of power. I didn't mean to ask Watt is the unit of power, I meant to say Watt is the unit of power. Let's try it again. How about, and the unit of power is the Watt? That still sounds like a question. The unit Watt, yeah, Watt, W-A-T-T, not Watt, W-H-A-T, but Watt, W-A-T-T, that's the unit of power. I need to take a break.
Solution
490 W (rounded from 485 W)
Habbits of an Effective Problem Solver
- Read the problem carefully and develop a mental picture of the physical situation. If necessary, sketch a simple diagram of the physical situation to help you visualize it.
- Identify the known and unknown quantities in an organized manner. Equate given values to the symbols used to represent the corresponding quantity - e.g., \(\descriptive{v}{v,velocity}_\descriptive{o}{o,original} = 0 \unit{\meter\per\second}\); \(\descriptive{a}{a,acceleration} = 4.2\unit{\meter\per\square\second}\); \(\descriptive{v}{v,velocity}_\descriptive{f}{f,final} = 22.9 \unit{\meter\per\second}\); \(\descriptive{d}{d,distance} = \colorbox{gray}{Unknown}\).
- Use physics formulas and conceptual reasoning to plot a strategy for solving for the unknown quantity.
- Identify the appropriate formula(s) to use.
- Perform substitutions and algebraic manipulations in order to solve for the unknown quantity.
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